Introduction
Planning a trip to Canada? One of the first questions most travelers ask is: Do I need a Visitor Visa (Temporary Resident Visa – TRV) or an Electronic Travel Authorization (eTA)?
Both are designed to allow short-term entry into Canada, but they apply to different nationalities and travel methods. Choosing the right one ensures smooth travel and avoids unnecessary delays.
This guide explains eTA vs Visitor Visa Canada in detail—including eligibility, conditions, stay duration, application steps, and answers to common questions.
What is a Visitor Visa (Temporary Resident Visa – TRV)?
A Visitor Visa, officially called a Temporary Resident Visa (TRV), is a sticker placed in your passport. It shows that you meet Canada entry requirements for short-term visits.
You need a Visitor Visa if:
- You are from a visa-required country (e.g., India, China, Pakistan, Nigeria).
- You enter Canada by air, land, or sea.
- You are visiting for tourism, family reunions, business meetings, or events.
Key Point: If your nationality is not visa-exempt, you need a Visitor Visa Canada to enter, regardless of travel method.
What is an eTA (Electronic Travel Authorization)?
An Electronic Travel Authorization (eTA) is a digital entry requirement linked directly to your passport. Unlike a TRV, you don’t need a physical visa.
You need an eTA if:
- You are from a visa-exempt country (UK, France, Germany, Japan, Australia, etc.).
- You are flying to Canada.
- You are a U.S. Green Card holder traveling by air.
The eTA is valid for up to five years or until your passport expires.
Key Point: If you’re from a visa-exempt country and traveling to Canada by air, you’ll likely need an eTA instead of a Visitor Visa.
eTA vs Visitor Visa Canada: Key Differences
| Feature | Visitor Visa (TRV) | eTA |
|---|---|---|
| Who Needs It | Citizens of visa-required countries | Citizens of visa-exempt countries traveling by air |
| Format | Sticker in passport | Linked electronically to passport |
| Validity | Usually until passport expiry (single or multiple entry) | 5 years or until passport expiry |
| Processing Time | Weeks (varies by country) | Minutes to a few days |
| Cost | Higher (application + biometrics fees) | CAD $7 |
| Travel Method | Air, land, sea | Air only |
Duration of Stay and Conditions
Both documents usually allow stays of up to six months per visit.
Visitor Visa (TRV):
- Can be single-entry or multiple-entry.
- Requires proof of funds and strong ties to home country.
- Conditions: No unauthorized work or long-term studies.
eTA:
- Valid for multiple entries, up to 6 months each trip.
- Linked electronically to passport.
- Same conditions: No working or studying beyond short courses.
How to Apply for a Visitor Visa Canada
- Check Eligibility – Confirm your nationality requires a TRV.
- Prepare Documents – Passport, financial proof, itinerary, return ticket, and (if applicable) a letter of invitation.
- Apply Online or via VAC – Submit through the official IRCC system.
- Biometrics – Fingerprints and photos are usually required.
- Processing Time – Weeks to months, depending on your location.
- Approval – TRV is stamped in your passport.
How to Apply for an eTA Canada
- Visit the Official IRCC Website.
- Complete Form – Provide passport, personal, and travel details.
- Pay CAD $7 Fee.
- Receive Approval – Often within minutes.
- eTA Links to Passport – No physical document required.
